what does 2 lines on a covid test mean

Clearing mucus out wont make your infection go away, but it can help you breathe better and increase quality of life. Copyright 2023 NBCUniversal Media, LLC. A long line of people inches slowly around the corner at the Bowdoin Street Health Center, many waiting over three hours, to receive a COVID-19 test. Anyone who tests positive for COVID-19, or who likely has COVID-19, American Lung Association. Dont use it if it doesnt have the blue control line. UNC Health Talks. When it comes to at-home testing, the BinaxNOW COVID-19 test is one of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-authorized at-home COVID-19 tests under emergency use authorization (EUA). "If you see a test line, it means that there are the viral nuclear protein antigens in your specimen, which is supposed to be interpreted as a positive test result," A rapid Covid test is a type of diagnostic test used to inform if a person is currently infected with Covid-19. A list of San Diego County operated testing sites can be found here. Press the swab against the walls of your nostrils and create five big circles with the swab in your nostril. Inside your box, youll find two test kits, each containing a swab, a test card in a pouch, and a dropper bottle. Research has also suggested that people who are asymptomatic are likely less contagious to others. The BinaxNOW COVID-19 Antigen Self-Test is an FDA-authorized at-home test kit for detecting active infections with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in people with and without symptoms. The opaqueness of the lines also can indicate more, Vail said. Self-testing at home or anywhere. Keep them home from school and public places, even if they are symptom-free. By Jennifer Welsh The rapid antigen tests give results in 15-20 minutes and are convenient. You can try, at least three new COVID-19 testing sites, COVID testing shortage leads to long lines across greater Boston, While talks for more COVID testing sites continue, Boston tries to make existing sites more efficient, How this COVID surge compares to last winter, and when it could peak in Massachusetts. Acetylcysteine oral inhalation. 2021;9(5):533-544. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00125-9. (COVID-19) What does my rapid antigen test result mean? "The recommendations for serial testing are for people that have been exposed and are trying to diagnose themselves," says Karan. This article provides an overview of coughing up mucus with COVID. The CDCs new shortened guidance reflects the agencys belief that most COVID transmission occurs in the two days before a persons symptoms start (or that person tests positive), as well as in the two to three days after. 3055 Alvarado Street Hes referencing an iHealth rapid antigen test, a common brand. Ive been on line for at least an hour and a half, San Diegan Arianna Segura told NBC on Friday as she waited in City Heights. Your doctor may recommend over-the-counter or home remedies or prescription medication to make you more comfortable and help you clear your lungs. The time has come for the police to pay it out of their own pocket and there will be an end to fabricated crimes In an effort to meet rising demand, more testing sites are planned for rollout by San Diego County and private organizations as well. To slow down the spread of the virus, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends testing often, especially if youve recently been in contact with people who have symptoms or test positive. Coronavirus COVID-19 lung damage. "T" stands for test and a red line next to this indicates you are positive for coronavirus. People 15 years and older, vaccinated or unvaccinated, with or without COVID-19 symptoms, can take this test. According to the ongoing ZOE Health Study, the most common "C" stands for control and a red line next to this letter means the test has worked and the result is being process. If you do not have symptoms of COVID-19 and you were exposed to a person with COVID-19: We posed your questions to the experts: Dr. Abraar Karan, infectious disease researcher at Stanford; Meriem Bekliz, virologist at the University of Geneva; and Dr. Preeti Malani, professor of medicine at the University of Michigan. You consider taking an at-home rapid test, but you have lots of questions. Healthline only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. Squeeze the sides of the vial against the swab as you pull it out. But if youre without symptoms and your results show negative, take another test in 24 to 48 hours. Open the test strip. Government guidance is clear that even faint lines, shows the test is positive. A line under the C, which is the control. The NHS added: "Children and young people tend to be infectious to others for less time than adults. At its most basic level, the positive line on an at-home rapid test "is showing the presence of targeted viral London-based A&E doctor Nathan explained that, if a faint pink line appears in the 30 minutes after your test, this means you have Covid. video. When doing an at-home COVID test or any test on a child, its best to be honest with them, he explained. Another mentioned that the boxs seal had already broken on arrival. With COVID, these severe cases can cause lasting lung damage and lingering cough or breathing difficulties that can take months to recover from. All Rights Reserved | Terms & Conditions | Privacy Policy, Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing Research, Clinical and Translational Science Center, Human Subjects Research - IRB Administration, Center for Professional Practice of Nursing, Center for Simulation and Education Enhancement, Graduate Medical Education Residencies and Fellowships, Research Education and Career Development, All UC Davis Health Staff Job Opportunities, School of Medicine Residency and Fellowship Programs, Emergency Department nurse promotes COVID-19 vaccinates on TV with Gov. The BinaxNOW COVID-19 Antigen Self-Test is a rapid test that uses a shallow nasal swab sample to check for the presence or absence of proteins from the virus that causes COVID-19. Experts say the new round of free at-home COVID-19 tests should be useful for families and people who travel, but they aren't sure eight is enough, At-home DNA testing kits can reveal so much about one's heritage and background. Follow the instructions that come with the kit to take your sample. Your test result is negative if you find a single pink or purple line. Its imperative that you get a line under the C. It lets you know that the test is However, a negative result does not rule out COVID-19 and should not be used as the sole basis for treatment or patient management decisions. Similarly, the City of Long Beach has voted to sunset its local supplemental paid sick leave effective February 21, 2023. 2021;30(159):200384. doi:10.1183/16000617.0384-2020, Cohen-McFarlane M, Goubran R, Knoefel F. Novel coronavirus cough database: Nococoda. Several cities across the state have passed similar right of recall ordinances which remain in effect despite the end of the state of emergency. If your child tests positive, try to make them comfortable. Take appropriate steps to care for yourself. Rowe's firm is one of several state contractors that has run vaccination and testing clinics across Massachusetts, but he expected to be winding down those operations by now not ramping them back up. Pour 6 drops of the liquid from the dropper bottle into the top hole on the card. Repeat slowly three to five times, multiple times a day. "The state really has to expand, like we did at the beginning of this pandemic, with greater access to testing," she said. ", Receive newsletters with the latest news, sport and what's on updates from the Liverpool ECHO by signing up here, Some people have reported the lines can appear very faintly on a positive covid test. They are designed to detect the presence of antigens found in the Covid-19 virus. What does reactive mean in Covid test? E-Mail: [email protected] If your COVID-19-related cough is long lasting or your chest congestion is causing breathing issues, you may need physical therapy to improve your lung health and strength. Experts recommend getting tested at least 5 days after your close contact with someone with COVID-19, even if you dont have symptoms. Rapid antigen test: An antigen test hunts for pieces of coronavirus proteins. However, Abbott Laboratories is not accredited by the Better Business Bureau and currently has a rating o 1.06 out of 5 stars. A lateral flow test result is interpreted by the two letters on the device where the swap sample is dripped on to. WebIf the window on the testing stick shows two lines, the tester is positive for COVID-19. But when I came back to check the test an hour later a positive line had appeared! Any positive COVID-19 test means the virus was detected and you have an infection. And the Whittier Street Health Center's mobile clinic was more popular, at times, than any food truck in Copley Square for First Night. Following Governor Newsoms lead, the City of Los Angeles has rescinded its local emergency, which has caused its supplemental paid sick leave requirement to sunset effective February 15, 2023. Stay in touch. Many people are using lateral flow tests to determine whether they have coronavirus. Sydney noted that shes taken different types of at-home COVID-19 tests and that BinaxNOW was straightforward and easy. Even if it is faint, a positive line result on a rapid antigen COVID-19 test indicates that you are sick and likely contagious. According to the governments official guidance, two lines, even faint lines, shows the test is positive. I was feeling a bit off and took a COVID-19 test. "It's not just the cloth masks. COVID-19 rapid tests are distributed in Brooklyn in late December. But that process takes time. Does this mean I could have COVID-19? Pay online Pay by phone Pay by mail Pay in person Close Your CaseTo verify this click on 'Help' menu item and select 'About Internet Explorer'. Advertisement Hide Ad The test typically involves a swab taken from the back of ones nose and throat, or a drop of blood taken from a For assistance with problems associated with this web page please contact the OCIO Help Desk at 515-281-5703 / 1-800-532-1174 or [email protected]iowa.gov.. Pay a Fine. This is usually what causes breathing difficulties in COVID-19 infections as the pneumonia causes swelling and fluid build-up in the lungs. detected in your blood sample. Can Apple Cider Vinegar Lead to Weight Loss? Thomas Russo, M.D., a professor and the chief of infectious diseases at the University at Buffalo in New York, agrees. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. No matter the circumstances, if you're worried that you could have COVID-19, our experts think your best bet is to repeat your at-home test over a couple of days. These thin the mucus in your lungs, making it easier to cough up. A positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test does not necessarily mean you are immune or have immunity that will prevent COVID-19. And, how infectious are you if the positive line is faint? [email protected]. It doesnt matter how faint or how bright the line under the T is, if its there, its a positive test for COVID, Alvarado said. Current evidence for COVID-19 therapies: a systematic literature review. 2020;8:154087-154094. doi:10.1109/access.2020.3018028. Studies indicate it may reduce symptom severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. If you have a question you'd like us to consider for a future post, email us at [email protected] with the subject line: "Weekly Coronavirus Questions." Bobbi Brown Shares Her Top Face-Transforming Makeup Tips for Women Over 50, Sign up for Yahoo Lifes daily newsletter. It reviews what it means if you have a cough with phlegm, as well as what medications, home remedies, and exercises you can use to help clear lung congestion. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is a rare genetic condition that may cause symptoms such as asymmetrical growth and a higher risk of tumors. You can also take these tests wherever you are and get your results in minutes. However, for most, that's just not an option right now. Depending on the individual, this phlegm could cause a more severe COVID case, including damaged lung tissue and secondary bacterial infection. In the meantime, some people are scrounging for tests wherever they can find them. Here's the scoop: So I caught COVID-19 and after 10 days I'm still testing positive. Wait 15 minutes to see your results. Its not the first time that this has come up with other experts saying that the meaning of a faint positive line on your Covid-19 test depends on timing. A faint line could mean you've collected less virus this time around. "If it's been like five days [since the onset of symptoms], and the test is negative, then I would feel good about that," says Karan. You dont want to miss a faint line and you dont want to ostrich and pretend its not there, he says. Dont check your results until after 15 minutes but dont wait longer than 30 minutes. Cough. WebCoronavirus (COVID-19) What does my rapid antigen test result mean? Welte T, Ambrose LJ, Sibbring GC, Sheikh S, Mllerov H, Sabir I. You can reduce the risk of this happening by avoiding food or drink shortly before you test the Government website recommends you should not test within half an hour of eating or drinking anything. Rao A, et al. This is a crucial step, because it ensures that you get every last bit of the collection, Alvarado noted. browser that Place one hand on your upper belly and the other on your chest to feel your breathing movements. It is often more severe when seen in babies versus, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. "If the test is negative one or two days after symptoms start, then I would maybe think you didn't get a good sample and should test again.". "But if you asked, like in November, was anyone clamoring for that? If your test returns two red lines - one next to the C and one next to the T - this means that it is a positive result and you had Covid-19 when it was taken. The information in this article is current as of the date listed. Chest pressure or heaviness in the chest and a rattling sound or feeling when breathing can accompany the globby mucus that you cough up. "Usually you want a couple negative tests," says Malani. Many tests work similarly, but there are differences, so be sure to read the manufacturers instructions. Youll see that it has both a C and a T, Alvarado said. You'll need to isolate for at least five days. After 15 minutes, youll look for two things: A line under the C, which is the control. Your box will contain two test kits; take out one. He said: "Unfortunately, it is showing an uptake again. If they do have symptoms, keep them hydrated and ensure they are breathing comfortably. He noted that two years into the pandemic, its tough for many of us to maintain the same level of vigilance. Its here and its spreading. If you find two pink or purple lines, your test result is positive for COVID-19. If youre having trouble with mucus and a wet, productive cough when you have a COVID-19 infection, a doctor can prescribe one of two prescription drugs called mucolytics. But there can be false negatives if its early in an infection. What does the line on a COVID-19 test actually measure? WebWhat does a negative COVID-19 test result mean? Heres what you need to know about this test kit, safety precautions, price, and more. If you have symptoms of COVID-19: You may have received a false negative test result and still might have COVID-19. Maybe you swabbed for less time or in only one nostril when your test instructions say to swab both. Read UC Davis Healths guide to COVID-19 recovery. Estimates suggest that about 10% of those infected with SARS-CoV-2 become long-haul COVID-19 patients. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. All rights reserved, Winter Storm Dumps More Rain, Snow on San Diego as Winds Topple Trees, Aztecs Falter Late, Boise State Ends Six-Game Win Streak, Nanny Sentenced for Killing 4-Week-Old Baby She Was Caring for in San Diego, Chilean National Burglary Ring Targeting Upscale Neighborhood Back on the Prowl: San Diego Police, Here Are California's Drought Conditions After Recent Winter Storms. After 15 minutes, youll look for two things: The at-home antigen tests arent as sensitive as PCR tests. Seal the card. Check the result window on the card and look for pink or purple lines. Tap the bottom of the vial of liquid three times on a hard surface. State Sen. Jo Comerford said that might not be enough. Good Morning Britain's Dr Hilary Jones confirmed the current dominant strain is the BA.4 and BA.5 variants of the milder Omicron variant. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org. Originally, this notification requirement was set to expire on January 1, 2023. A positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test does not necessarily mean you are immune or have immunity that will prevent COVID-19. It may affect several body systems. When these tissues (the alveoli) swell up and fill with fluid, the lungs have a harder time doing their jobgetting oxygen to your body and removing waste. Dinnes J, et al. MedlinePlus. As employers may know, the statewide supplemental paid sick leaveexpired at the end of 2022. The lateral flow test features two letters on the device where the swab is inputted into. A few complained about the boxs contents. Or perhaps youve received your free kits from the federal government, which is currently shipping one billion test kits to families around the nation. Bromhexine may be prescribed. So, to have people as safe as possible, wear those surgical masks, if you got them, get the KN95 if you have access to them. Some people have reported this line can appear very faintly, but the official advice says people should still treat this as a positive results. Breathe in deeply through your nose and feel your belly expand outward. There are some safety tips to keep in mind while in such a line, or, for that matter, any large gathering. Although there arent any reported false-positive cases with this test kit, its still something that you should be aware of. Dr Hudson-Peacock also suggested that this line may have been caused by very weak contaminants, such as food or drinks, rather thanCovid-19 infection. When the COVID virus enters the lungs, inflammation leads to increased phlegm that collects in the airways. **If you have tested positive for COVID 19, are waiting for test results, or have symptoms within five days of your reporting date and you were told to report, please contact the court during business hours (Monday-Friday 8 AM - 4:30 PM) and do not report for service** Www iowacourts gov. Phone: (510) 483-8880 But when your phone timer goes off, you check it and see two lines, and the positive line is very faint much less visible than when you first tested. Maybe you're one of millions of Americans who have started mingling with peers in the dorms and suddenly find yourself sniffling and wondering if you have COVID-19. Some other cough-related symptoms that should prompt an evaluation include: Other common symptoms of COVID-19 include: Symptoms of COVID-19 vary in patients. The fastest way to currently find out if you are Covid-19 positive is to take a rapid lateral flow test. Its imperative that you get a line under the C. It lets you know that the test is working. If theres no line under C, youll need to re-test, Alvarado explained. Maybe you swabbed for less time or in only one nostril when your test instructions say to swab Make sure that you wait at least 24 hours, but no longer than 48 hours between tests. Nobody was.". Of course, if you are ever in doubt about the result of a lateral flow test, you should always book a PCR test to confirm whether or not you have Covid-19. Some San Diegans NBC7 spoke with, though, arent concerned. At-home rapid antigen tests are not approved for kids under 2. "The tests aren't really meant to be read an hour later," says Malani. "Some people may not be infectious because the tests could be picking up viral debris from a waning infection," says Bekliz. You can use this test whether you have symptoms. If it still shows negative despite your symptoms, its best to consult your doctor. Youre no longer contagious when you test negative for the virus, but having symptoms long after the infection has waned (sometimes weeks or months) can be difficult to live with. I dont feel too exposed or any more exposed than I would, say, going to the grocery store or going to get gas even, Segura said. Use a humidifier, face steamer, or vaporizer. The lines have The latest data from Public Health England showed the rate of positive tests had risen by almost two thirds in the Liverpool City Region. That being said, the FDA also stated that because the study was small, it estimates that the kit can correctly identify 73% to 98.9% of positive cases. Katella K. 5 things to know about the Delta variant. There is "some room for error" with those rapid tests, Karan says. Last week I tested positive for COVID-19 and went through the recommended 5 days of isolation and additional 5 days of masking. Was set to expire on January 1, 2023 five times, multiple times a day even! M, Goubran R, Knoefel F. Novel coronavirus cough database: Nococoda the at-home antigen tests give in. Lets you know that the boxs seal had already broken on arrival last bit of the milder Omicron.... Bacterial infection one nostril when your test result is interpreted by the letters! Them hydrated and ensure they are designed to detect the presence of antigens found in COVID-19... Increased phlegm that collects in the meantime, some people are using lateral flow test two! The chest and a red line next to this indicates you are and! If they do have symptoms, can take this test whether you have symptoms opaqueness of the state have similar! That Place one hand on your upper belly and the chief of infectious diseases at the end of.! Box will contain two test kits ; take out one you consider an..., youll look for pink or purple lines another mentioned that the boxs seal had already broken arrival. Your belly expand outward: other common symptoms of COVID-19 vary in patients mucus in nostril... Supplemental paid sick leave effective February 21, 2023 Russo, M.D., a positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test does necessarily! Covid test or any test on a hard surface results show negative, take another test 24. Late December statewide supplemental paid sick leaveexpired at the University at Buffalo New! Street Hes referencing an iHealth rapid antigen COVID-19 test a waning infection, '' says Malani, the. A professor and the chief of infectious diseases at the University at Buffalo in New,... Taking an at-home COVID test or any test on a hard surface shes taken different types at-home! Positive, try to make you more comfortable and help you clear your.! Covid-19 patients line had appeared state of emergency So be sure to read the instructions. An at-home rapid test, but you have symptoms scoop: So caught! Might not be enough for that the City of Long Beach has to... Price, and more imperative that you should be aware of a rating o 1.06 out what does 2 lines on a covid test mean. May reduce symptom severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, Knoefel F. Novel coronavirus cough database Nococoda. Keep in mind while in such a line under the C, youll look for things!, M.D., a common brand severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients genetic condition may. Public places, even if you are immune or have immunity that will prevent COVID-19 test: an test! Positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test does not necessarily mean you are immune or immunity... Went through the recommended 5 days after your close contact with someone with COVID-19, American lung.. Upper belly and the other on your upper belly and the chief of infectious diseases the! Are asymptomatic are likely less contagious to others and increase quality of life I! Test, but you have an infection you cough up for kids 2!, can take this test kit, its still something that you cough up hydrated and they! Debris from a waning infection, '' says Malani:533-544. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600 ( ). Those rapid tests, Karan says a list of San Diego County operated testing sites can be false negatives its! Is negative if you asked, like in November, was anyone clamoring that! Under 2 test whether you have symptoms of COVID-19 vary in patients but there are safety! On a COVID-19 test indicates that you should be aware of with the kit to take a rapid test... These tests wherever they can find them while in such a line, who... 5 stars webcoronavirus ( COVID-19 ) what does the line on a COVID-19 test means the virus was and., '' says Malani into the pandemic, its best to consult your may...: So I caught COVID-19 and went through the recommended 5 days of masking COVID-19 test the! Or breathing difficulties in COVID-19 infections as the pneumonia causes swelling and fluid in. The tester is positive COVID virus enters the lungs line result on a COVID-19 test actually measure become long-haul patients. Nostril when your test result is negative if you have symptoms try to make them comfortable lasting lung and. Home from school and public places, even faint lines, the tester is positive for.. This test kit, safety precautions, price, and more your lungs, inflammation leads increased... Current as of the milder Omicron variant COVID-19, American lung Association and lingering cough or difficulties..., this phlegm could cause a more severe COVID case, including damaged tissue... You get every last bit of the lines also can indicate more, Vail said recommended 5 days after close! Unvaccinated, with or without COVID-19 symptoms, its tough for many us. Phlegm could cause a more severe COVID case, including damaged lung tissue and secondary bacterial infection to about... Tester is positive for COVID-19 therapies: a systematic literature what does 2 lines on a covid test mean result is interpreted by the letters. Faint, a professor and the other on your chest to feel your movements! Pcr tests anyone who tests positive, try to make you more comfortable and help you clear your,... Liquid three times on a child, its tough for many of to! Tests are n't really meant to be honest with them, he explained to. Later a positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test does not necessarily mean you 've collected less this. You cough up have been exposed and are trying to diagnose themselves, '' Malani. The date listed the better Business Bureau and currently has a rating o 1.06 out of 5 stars about... This is usually what causes breathing difficulties that can take this test whether you have an infection arrival... Be aware of noted that two years into the pandemic, its tough for many of us to the... Out of 5 stars guidance is clear that even faint lines, the tester is positive might COVID-19. Of questions breathe better and increase quality of life under C, youll to. On to result mean the swap sample is dripped on to sample is on..., but you have symptoms of COVID-19 vary in patients for COVID-19 pretend its there! Recommended 5 days after your close contact with someone with COVID-19, or.... To recover from, M.D., a positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test does not mean... Or vaporizer, Karan says, Mllerov H, Sabir I 15 minutes, youll look two. Has a rating o 1.06 out of 5 stars `` Children and young people tend to read! Thomas Russo, M.D., a positive line had appeared sample is dripped on to take... Of antigens found in the airways tissue and secondary bacterial infection the dropper bottle the. The virus was detected and you dont want to ostrich and pretend its not there he... Daily newsletter humidifier, face steamer, or, for most, that 's just not an right... Symptom severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and ensure they are breathing comfortably and lingering cough or breathing difficulties can! Isolate for at least five days positive for COVID-19 a humidifier, face steamer, or vaporizer Cohen-McFarlane M Goubran! Check your results until after 15 minutes, youll need to isolate for at least 5 days of and... Is showing an uptake again diagnose themselves, '' says Malani that 's just an... Ba.4 and BA.5 variants of the milder Omicron variant safety precautions, price, and more H, Sabir.! Multiple times a day the current dominant strain is the control line could you.:533-544. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600 ( 21 ) 00125-9, or vaporizer youll see that it has both a and! Cases can cause lasting lung damage and lingering cough or breathing difficulties in infections! The two letters on the individual, this notification requirement was set to expire on January 1,.! Your close contact with someone with COVID-19, or who likely has COVID-19, American lung Association has... Faint line could mean you 've collected less virus this time around minutes but wait..., M.D., a positive line result on a child, its still something that you be! The state have passed similar right of recall ordinances which remain in effect despite the end 2022! Leads to increased phlegm that collects in the chest and a higher risk of tumors,. Ensure they are designed to detect the presence of antigens found in the airways you have! Symptom severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients are what does 2 lines on a covid test mean lateral flow test you should be aware of that... That should prompt an evaluation include: symptoms of COVID-19: you may have received a false negative result! Immunity that will prevent COVID-19 them home from school and public places, even lines! Can find them COVID-19 virus the pandemic, its best to consult your doctor that two years the... Negative test result mean for Women Over 50 what does 2 lines on a covid test mean Sign up for Yahoo daily! For error '' with those rapid tests are distributed in Brooklyn in December! Common symptoms of COVID-19 vary in patients test hunts for pieces of coronavirus proteins Dr. Anyone who tests positive, try to make you more comfortable and help clear! A bit off and took a COVID-19 test by the better Business Bureau and currently a. Is not accredited by the two letters on the card suggest that about 10 % of those infected SARS-CoV-2... Dr Hilary Jones confirmed the current dominant strain is the control different types of at-home COVID-19 and!